Reconstrução de couro cabeludo após ampla ressecção de angiossarcoma / Scalp reconstruction after wide resection of an angiosarcoma

Introdução: O couro cabeludo é uma área de difícil reconstrução devido à sua pouca elasticidade e por sobrepor-se a uma estrutura rígida e convexa. Existem diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas para reparação dos defeitos, que podem ser produto de diversas etiologias, como: traumas, deformidades e consequência de doenças, principalmente oncológicas, como é o caso do paciente apresentada neste trabalho. O angiossarcoma cutâneo é um tumor vascular maligno raro e extremamente agressivo, que afeta principalmente idosos. É caracterizado clinicamente pelo aparecimento de placas eritêmato-violáceas e de rápida evolução. O tratamento depende da extensão da doença. A maioria dos casos são tratados com ampla ressecção cirúrgica e reconstrução. O objetivo é relatar um caso de reconstrução de grande defeito do couro cabeludo depois de uma dissecção oncológica, realizado no Hospital Central do Exército (HCE) - RJ. Métodos: O caso foi tratado com enxerto autólogo e uso de matriz dérmica, em 2 tempos cirúrgicos, até a total cobertura da área lesionada. Resultados: Obteve-se resultado satisfatório após as cirurgias de enxertia de pele na área ressecada. Conclusão: O enxerto autólogo, juntamente a matriz dérmica mostrou-se uma opção viável na reconstrução do couro cabeludo.

Introduction: It is difficult to reconstruct the scalp due to its poor elasticity and presence of layers over a rigid convex structure. Different surgical techniques are used to repair defects that may develop due to several etiologies, such as trauma, deformities, and disease sequelae, especially cancer, as noted in the present case. Cutaneous angiosarcoma, a rare and extremely aggressive malignant vascular tumor that mainly develops in elderly individuals, is clinically characterized by the onset of rapidly evolving erythematous purple plaques. The treatment depends on disease extent. Most patients are treated with wide surgical resection and reconstruction. The objective is to report a case of reconstruction of a major scalp defect after an oncologic dissection performed at the Hospital Central do Exército in Rio de Janeiro. Methods: An autologous graft and dermal matrices were applied during two surgical periods till the damaged area was fully covered. Results: Satisfactory results were obtained after performing skin grafting surgery in the resected area. Conclusion: The autologous graft and dermal matrix proved to be a viable option for scalp reconstruction.

Subdoses of 17DD yellow fever vaccine elicit equivalent virological/immunological kinetics timeline.

BACKGROUND: The live attenuated 17DD Yellow Fever vaccine is one of the most successful prophylactic interventions for controlling disease expansion ever designed and utilized in larger scale. However, increase on worldwide vaccine demands and manufacturing restrictions urge for more detailed dose sparing studies. The establishment of complementary biomarkers in addition to PRNT and Viremia could support a secure decision-making regarding the use of 17DD YF vaccine subdoses. The present work aimed at comparing the serum chemokine and cytokine kinetics triggered by five subdoses of 17DD YF Vaccine. METHODS: Neutralizing antibody titers, viremia, cytokines and chemokines were tested on blood samples obtained from eligible primary vaccinees. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The results demonstrated that a fifty-fold lower dose of 17DD-YF vaccine (587 IU) is able to trigger similar immunogenicity, as evidenced by significant titers of anti-YF PRNT. However, only subdoses as low as 3,013 IU elicit viremia kinetics with an early peak at five days after primary vaccination equivalent to the current dose (27,476 IU), while other subdoses show a distinct, lower in magnitude and later peak at day 6 post-vaccination. Although the subdose of 587 IU is able to trigger equivalent kinetics of IL-8/CXCL-8 and MCP-1/CCL-2, only the subdose of 3,013 IU is able to trigger similar kinetics of MIG/CXCL-9, pro-inflammatory (TNF, IFN-γ and IL-2) and modulatory cytokines (IL-5 and IL-10). CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of serum biomarkers IFN-γ and IL-10, in association to PRNT and viremia, support the recommendation of use of a ten-fold lower subdose (3,013 IU) of 17DD-YF vaccine.